Sri Lanka’s ancient systems of traditional medicine have been passed down through generations of medical practitioners via practical, skills-based training under experienced physicians, supported by ancient manuscripts and texts. Historical artifacts show recognition and support of traditional medicine by past governments. Specialized branches include Kadum Bidum (orthopedics), Akshi Vedakama (eye treatments), Davum Pilissum (burn treatments), Gedi Vana (wound healing), and Manasika Roga (mental health). The government supports formal education in traditional medicine through degree programs at four universities across the country. A WHO-funded primary healthcare project led to the establishment of the National Institute of Traditional Medicine, which offers professional training for practitioners, nurses, and attendants. Master’s degrees in traditional medicine are also supported by India.